Queen elizabeth husband

House of Windsor

British royal family

"Windsors" redirects here. For other uses, see Windsor.

The House of Windsor is the reigning house of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The house's name was inspired by the historic Windsor Castle estate.

Queen elizabeth ii family tree: The shots turned out to be blanks. Elizabeth was educated at home, along with her sister Princess Margaret. Elizabeth's life changed forever when King George V died, to be succeeded to the throne by her uncle Edward who then abdicated shortly afterwards. A fire at Windsor Castle during , the Queen's 'annus horribilis'.

Since it was founded on 17 July , when the name of the house was changed from the German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, there have been five British monarchs of the House of Windsor: George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II, and Charles III. The children and male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, also genealogically belong to the House of Oldenburg^[1] since Philip was by birth a member of the Glücksburg branch of that house.^[2]

The monarch is head of state of fifteen sovereign states.

These are the United Kingdom, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu. As well as these separate monarchies, there are also three Crown Dependencies, fourteen British Overseas Territories, two associated states of New Zealand, and one territory.

History

In , succession to the throne was given to Sophia of Hanover, who was born into the House of Wittelsbach, married into the House of Hanover, and was a granddaughter of James VI and I of the House of Stuart. Succession was passed to her son who became George I in , marking the start of a long ruling period by the Hanoverian royal house.

Eventually in , a line of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha succeeded the House of Hanover to the British monarchy with the accession of King Edward VII, son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Biography queen elizabeth ii Princess Elizabeth delivers her first radio speech at age The family had to move from their home in Piccadilly to Buckingham Palace. Elizabeth's father became King George VI, and the young princess first in line to the throne. The Queen, riding side saddle on her horse Burmese during Trooping the Colour, moments before the attack.

In , the name of the British royal house was changed from the German Saxe-Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor, taking its name from the royal residence in Berkshire.^[3]

King Edward VII and, in turn, his son, George V, were members of the Saxe-Coburg and Gotha branch of the House of Wettin by virtue of their descent from Albert, Prince Consort, husband of Queen Victoria, the last British monarch from the House of Hanover.

High anti-German sentiment amongst the people of the British Empire during the First World War^[4] reached a peak in March , when the Gotha , a heavy aircraft capable of crossing the English Channel, began bombing London directly and became a household name. In the same year, on 15 March, King George's first cousin Emperor Nicholas II of Russia was forced to abdicate, which raised the spectre of the eventual abolition of all the monarchies in Europe.

The king and his family were finally persuaded to abandon all titles held under the German Crown and to change German titles and house names to anglicised versions.

Best biography queen elizabeth ii Read more. Sign Up. Marriage troubles for three out of her four children, humiliating press, a racy book and a fire at Windsor Castle all added to the year's misery. Elizabeth gave birth to their first child in — the future Prince Charles.

Hence, on 17 July , a royal proclamation issued by George V declared:

Now, therefore, We, out of Our Royal Will and Authority, do hereby declare and announce that as from the date of this Our Royal Proclamation Our House and Family shall be styled and known as the House and Family of Windsor, and that all the descendants in the male line of Our said Grandmother Queen Victoria who are subjects of these Realms, other than female descendants who may marry or may have married, shall bear the said Name of Windsor^[5]

The name had a long association with monarchy in Britain, through the town of Windsor, Berkshire, and Windsor Castle; the link is alluded to in the Round Tower of Windsor Castle being the basis of the badge of the House of Windsor.

It was suggested by Arthur Bigge, 1st Baron Stamfordham.^[6] Upon hearing that his cousin had changed the name of the British royal house to Windsor and in reference to Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor, German EmperorWilhelm II remarked jokingly that he planned to see "The Merry Wives of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha".^[7]

George V also restricted the use of British princely titles to his nearest relations,^[8] and in , he stripped three of his German relations of their British titles and styles under the Titles Deprivation Act ^[9]

The children and male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip also genealogically belong to the House of Oldenburg^[10] since Philip was by birth a member of the Glücksburg branch of that house.^[2]

List of monarchs

Name	Birth	Reign	Coronation	Consort	Death	Claim
George V	3 June Marlborough House	6 May – 20 January ^[a] (25&#;years, &#;days)	22 June	Mary of Teck	20 January Sandringham House (aged 70 years, days)	Son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark
Edward VIII	23 June White Lodge, Richmond Park	20 January – 11 December (&#;days)	Cancelled	None	28 May 4 Route du Champ d'Entraînement (aged 77 years, days)	Sons of George V and Mary of Teck
George VI	14 December York Cottage	11 December – 6 February (15&#;years, 57&#;days)	12 May	Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon	6 February Sandringham House (aged 56 years, 54 days)
Elizabeth II	21 April 17 Bruton Street, Mayfair	6 February – 8 September (70&#;years, &#;days)	2 June	Philip of Greece and Denmark	8 September Balmoral Castle (aged 96 years, days)	Daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Charles III	14 November Buckingham Palace	8 September – present (2&#;years, &#;days)	6 May	Camilla Shand	Living (age 76&#;years, 66&#;days)	Son of Elizabeth II and Philip of Greece and Denmark

Members

See also: List of members of the House of Windsor

The proclamation stated that the name of the Royal House and all British descendants of Victoria and Albert in the male line were to bear the name of Windsor, except for women who married into other families.

Descendants of Elizabeth II

In , Princess Elizabeth (who would become Queen Elizabeth II), heir presumptive to King George VI, married Philip Mountbatten (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark), a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg,^[2] a branch of the House of Oldenburg.

A few months before his marriage, Philip abandoned his princely titles and adopted the surname Mountbatten, which was that of his maternal uncle and mentor, Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, and had itself been adopted by Lord Mountbatten's father (Philip's maternal grandfather), Prince Louis of Battenberg, in It is the literal translation of the German Battenberg, which refers to Battenberg, a small town in Hesse.

Soon after Elizabeth became Queen in , Lord Mountbatten observed that because it was the standard practice for the wife in a marriage to adopt her husband's surname, the House of Mountbatten now reigned. When Elizabeth's grandmother, Queen Mary, heard of this comment, she informed British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and he later advised the Queen to issue a royal proclamation declaring that the royal house was to remain known as the House of Windsor.

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This she did on 9 April , officially declaring it her "Will and Pleasure that I and My children shall be styled and known as the House and Family of Windsor, and that My descendants, other than female descendants who marry and their descendants, shall bear the name of Windsor."^[11] Philip privately complained, "I am nothing but a bloody amoeba.

I am the only man in the country not allowed to give his name to his own children."^[12]

On 8 February , some years after both the death of Queen Mary and the resignation of Churchill, the Queen confirmed that she and her children would continue to be known as the "House and Family of Windsor", as would any agnatic descendants (through the male line of succession, or patrilineality) who enjoy the style of Royal Highness and the title of prince or princess.^[11] Still, Elizabeth also decreed that her agnatic descendants who do not have that style and title would bear the surname Mountbatten-Windsor.^[11]

This came after some months of correspondence between the Prime MinisterHarold Macmillan and the constitutional expert Edward Iwi.

Iwi had raised the prospect that the royal child due to be born in February would bear "the Badge of Bastardy" if it were given its mother's maiden name (Windsor) rather than its father's name (Mountbatten). Macmillan had attempted to rebuff Iwi, until the Queen advised Rab Butler in January that for some time she had her heart set on a change that would recognise the name, Mountbatten.

She wished to make this change before the birth of her child. The issue did not affect Prince Charles or Princess Anne, as they had been born Mountbatten before the Queen's accession to the throne.^[13]Prince Andrew was born 11 days later, on 19 February

Any future monarch can change the dynastic name through a similar royal proclamation, as the royal prerogative in the United Kingdom covers it.^[14]

Family tree

See also: Family tree of the British royal family

&#;&#; Red-framed persons are living
&#;&#; Black-framed persons are deceased
&#;&#; Bold borders indicate children of British monarchs

Family tree of the House of Windsor

King
George V

Queen Mary

King Edward VIII^[b]

King George VI

Queen Elizabeth

Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood

Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester

Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester

Prince George, Duke of Kent

Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent

Prince John

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh

Queen Elizabeth II

Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon

Prince William of Gloucester

The Duchess of Gloucester
(Birgitte)

The Duke of Gloucester
(Richard)

The Duke of Kent
(Edward)

The Duchess of Kent
(Katharine)

Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy

Prince Michael of Kent

Princess Michael of Kent
(Marie-Christine)

The Queen
(Camilla)

The King
(Charles III)

Diana, Princess of Wales
(divorced)

The Princess Royal
(Anne)

The Duke of York
(Andrew)

Sarah, Duchess of York
(divorced)

The Duke of Edinburgh
(Edward)

The Duchess of Edinburgh
(Sophie)

The Princess of Wales
(Catherine)

The Prince of Wales
(William)

The Duke of Sussex
(Harry)

The Duchess of Sussex
(Meghan)

Princess Beatrice, Mrs.

Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi

Princess Eugenie, Mrs. Jack Brooksbank

Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor

Earl of Wessex
(James)

Prince George of Wales

Princess Charlotte of Wales

Prince Louis of Wales

Prince Archie of Sussex

Princess Lilibet of Sussex

States reigned over

At the creation of the House of Windsor, its head reigned over the British Empire.

Queen elizabeth ii family tree

Queen elizabeth ii cause of death

Queen elizabeth ii death

Following the end of the First World War, however, shifts took place that saw the emergence of the Dominions of the British Commonwealth as independent states. The shift was recognised in the Balfour Declaration of ,^[15]^[16] the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act ,^[17]^[18] and the Statute of Westminster ^[19]^[20] The Windsors became recognised as the royal family of multiple independent countries, a number that shifted over the decades, as some Dominions became republics and Crown colonies became realms, republics, or monarchies under a different sovereign.^[21] Since , three monarchs of the House of Windsor, George VI, Elizabeth II and Charles III, have also been Head of the Commonwealth of Nations, comprising most parts of the former British Empire and some states that were never part of it.^[22]^[23]^[24]

Notes

References

^Burke's Royal Families of the World.

p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^b^cBerger, Marilyn (9 April ). "Prince Philip, Husband of Queen Elizabeth II, Is Dead at 99". The New York Times. Retrieved 22 November
^"The Royal Family name &#; The Royal Family".

The Royal Family.
^McGuigan, Jim (). "British identity and 'people's princess'". The Sociological Review. 48 (1): 1– doi/X S2CID&#;
^"By the King. A Proclamation". London Gazette. His Majesty's Stationery Office. 17 July p.&#;
^"How did the royal family choose the name 'Windsor'?".

History Extra.
Queen elizabeth ii royal website As a constitutional monarch, Elizabeth does not express her personal political opinions publicly. Elizabeth had been tutored privately when she was young but she and Philip decided their children should attend boarding school as Philip had done. In , Princess Diana died in a car crash, and temporarily there was public dismay as the Queen appeared distant and refused to fly the flag at half-mast. However, it began with personal sadness for The Queen when her sister, Princess Margaret, died at the age of 71, following a stroke.
Immediate Media Company. 28 April Retrieved 10 June
^Carter, Miranda (), George, Nicholas and Wilhelm: Three Royal Cousins and the Road to World War I, Random House, p.&#;xxiii, ISBN&#;
^"Styles of the members of the British royal family: Documents".

Heraldica. 30 November
^"At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 28th day of March, ". London Gazette. His Majesty's Stationery Office. 28 March p.&#;
^Burke's Royal Families of the World.
George vi Princess Diana died in an accident in Read more about British History. Rumors swirled at various times that Queen Elizabeth would step aside and let Prince Charles take the throne. She served as the longest-serving British monarch for over 70 years presiding over continual change both within the Royal Family, Great Britain and the Commonwealth.
p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^ ^a^b^c"Royal Styles and Titles of Great Britain: Documents". . Archived from the original on 23 April
^Brandreth, Gyles (). Philip and Elizabeth: Portrait of a Marriage. pp. – London: Century.

ISBN&#;
^Travis, Alan (18 February ). "Queen feared 'slur' on family", The GuardianArchived 3 March at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 April
^The Royal Family nameArchived 30 May at the Wayback Machine, Royal Household, retrieved 24 April
^"Clause II"(PDF).
^"Balfour Report &#; United Kingdom []".

Encyclopedia Britannica.
^"Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act ".
^"The Government of Great Britain and the Dominions and Colonies", Albert Edmond Hogan, Isabell Gladys Powell, Harold Plaskitt, D.M. Glew, University tutorial Press Limited, p.&#;,
^"Statute of Westminster, , 22 Geo.

V, c. 4, s. 4"(PDF).
^"Statute of Westminster &#; United Kingdom []". Encyclopedia Britannica.
^"The Monarchy Today > Queen and Commonwealth > Commonwealth Members". 29 February Archived from the original on 29 February
^"Commonwealth (general)".

The Royal Family. 11 March
^"London Declaration". The Commonwealth. 16 May Archived from the original on 4 July Retrieved 25 July
^Hardman, Robert (), Queen of the World, Random House, ISBN&#;^{[page&#;needed]}