Paul emile botta biography samples

Paul-Émile Botta

French archaeologist

Paul-Émile Botta (6 December – 29 March ) was an Italian-born French scientist who served as Consul in Mosul (then in the Ottoman Empire, now in Iraq) from , and who discovered the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Dur-Sharrukin.

Life

He was born Paolo Emiliano Botta in Turin, Italy, on December 6, His father was Italian historian Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo Botta (–). In they moved to Paris where he studied under Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville.[1]

Botta was selected to be naturalist on a voyage around the world. Although he had no formal medical training, he also served as the ship surgeon.

The Heros under Captain Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly (–) left Le Havre April 8, , and sailed south through the Atlantic Ocean, stopping in Rio de Janeiro and around Cape Horn. They traveled up the coast stopping at Callao, Mexico, and Alta California. Jean Baptiste Rives (–), the former secretary of the Kingdom of Hawaii, had convinced investors from the family of Jacques Laffitte to finance the voyage to promote trade to California and Hawaii, but Rives disappeared along with some of the cargo.[2] After visiting the Hawaiian Islands they reached China on December 27, In late July, , the Heros returned to Le Havre.[1]

On January 5, , Botta defended his doctor's thesis.

In he sailed to Cairo, where he met Benjamin Disraeli. Some historians think the French traveler Marigny in Disraeli's novel Contarini Fleming was based on Botta.[1] In Botta was sent to Yemen to collect plants on behalf of the Paris Natural History Museum.[3]

The French Government appointed Botta as Consul at Mosul in While there he discovered the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Dur-Sharrukin, and on his return to France in brought with him many artifacts from it.

This achievement earned him a spectacular reputation as an Orientalist.

In after the French Revolution of , Botta became French consul in Jerusalem, and, after his failed diplomatic mission in Constantinople in , he was consul in Tripoli from to Due to his bad health he returned to France.

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    • He died on March 29, , in Achères, France.[4]

    Mosul

    Botta was chosen as French Consular Agent in part because of Julius von Mohl's inspiration. Mohl, of the French Asiatic Society, had read Claudius Rich's Memoirs and Narrative, concluding Mosul held possibilities for excavation.

    Botta's skills as a naturalist, historian, languages and diplomatic service made him an obvious choice to lead such an investigation. Arriving in , Botta first bought antiquities, bricks and clay fragments, and then initially investigating the Nabi Yunus mound before he faced opposition. He then turned his attention on Kuyunjik in December, where he spent a year with only a few inscribed bricks and pieces of alabaster.

    Then, in March , an Arab described Khorsabad and numerous inscribed bricks to be found there. His workers soon turned up limestone walls with relief sculpture containing Assyrian figures.

    Paul emile botta biography samples pdf He also wrote accounts of his discoveries and studied cuneiform writings. In , Botta was appointed as the French consul in Alexandria. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Paul Hofhaimer.

    This was Dur-Sharrukin, or "Sargon's Town", the capital of King Sargon II. Botta sent a dispatch to Mohl stating, "I believe myself to be the first who has discovered sculptures which with some reason can be referred to the period when Nineveh was flourishing." Botta uncovered chambers, halls, and corridors, walls of bas-relief Assyrian scenes and gods, plus doorways flanked by winged bulls with human heads[5][6][7]

    The French government, highly gratified at the surprising success of its consul, supplied him with ample means for further research as well as the artist Eugène Flandin to document Botta's discoveries.

    Flandin arrived in May , illustrating alabaster sculptures before they were ruined by the desert heat. Botta continued excavating from until , and attempted to ship some down the Tigris, the first a failure but the second a success. These were exhibited in the Louvre a few months later.[8] Botta continued excavating until , when nine other archaeologists took over.

    This group included Austen Layard and Emile Burnouf. Botta published his Ninevah findings in his Monuments de Ninive découverts et décrits par Botta, mesurés et dessinés par Flandin.[5][6][7]

    The Consulate at Mosul was suppressed by the French Second Republic, and Botta was sent to the Levant.[5]

    Legacy

    References

    1. ^ abcEdgar C.

      Knowlton, Jr. (). "Paul-Emile Botta, Visitor to Hawai'i in ". Hawaiian Journal of History.

      Paul emile botta biography samples free Unfortunately, one shipment sunk to the bottom of the swiftly flowing Tigris, but statues of Sargon and the winged bulls from his palace did make it safely to the Louvre. Paul Kammerer. At the time little was known about the exact location of the city, and Botta mostly relied on references from the Bible or other ancient texts. We try our best to keep the ads from getting in your way.

      Vol.&#; Hawaii Historical Society. pp.&#;13– hdl/

    2. ^Alfons L. Korn (). "Shadows of Destiny: A French Navigator's View of the Hawaiian Kingdom and its Government in ". Hawaiian Journal of History. Vol.&#; Hawaii Historical Society. pp.&#;1– hdl/ Translation from French of Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly, Voyage autour du monde, principalement à la California et aux Îles Sandwich, pendant les années , , , et
    3. ^(in French) Charlotte Radt, «&#;Contribution à l'histoire ethnobotanique d'une plante stimulante&#;: le Kat.

      Le Kat au Yemen (Note Préliminaire)&#;», Journal d'agriculture tropicale et de botanique appliquée, vol.

    4. About: Paul-Émile Botta - DBpedia Association
    5. Paul-Émile Botta - Wikipedia
    6. Paul-Émile Botta - Oxford Reference
    7. Paul Emile Botta - Encyclopedia.com

      8. 16, n°, Février-mars-avril-mai , p. et read on line

    8. ^(in French)André Parrot, «&#;Centenaire de la fondation du "Musée Assyrien", au Musée du Louvre&#;», Syria, t. 25, no , , p. [1].
    9. ^ abcLloyd, Seton (). Foundations in the Dust, The Story of Mesopotamian Exploration.

      New York: Thames and Hudson Inc. pp.&#;94–98, –

    10. ^ abDaniel, Glyn (). A Short History of Archaeology. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. pp.&#;73–
    11. ^ abCeram, C.W. (). Gods, Graves & Scholars.

      New York: Wingd Books. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.

    12. ^Gardner, James ().

      Paul emile botta biography samples for kids Added by archaeologs IN Others Save. The French government immediately declared itself the leader in the study of antiquities and further financial support was quickly forthcoming, allowing Botta to continue excavating. Paul Knutson. His discoveries at Khorsabad and his publications on Assyrian archaeology have greatly enriched our understanding of ancient Mesopotamia.

      The Louvre: The Many Lives of the World's Most Famous Museum. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

    13. ^Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

      Paul emile botta biography samples wikipedia: Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. Paul-Emile Botta was a French archaeologist and diplomat. His tenure in Jerusalem allowed him to further explore and document the region's historical sites. Julius Mohl, a well-known scholar of Middle Eastern civilization, had convinced the French government that someone interested in archaeology would be right for the consulate post, and Botta fit the bill.

      xiii + pp. ISBN&#; ("Botta", p. 33).

    Further reading

    • Paul-Émile Botta and Eugène Flandin, Les Monuments de Ninive (Paris )
    • Glyn Daniel, A short history of archaeology (London, Thames and Hudson ).
    • Maurice Pillet&#;[fr], Khorsabad.

      Les découvertes de V. Place en Assyrie, (Paris ).

    • Paul-Émile Botta (October–December ). "Observations sur les habitants des îles Sandwich".

      Paul emile botta biography samples Its riches included fabulous statues of winged animals with human heads, relief sculptures, and a number of inscriptions in the characteristic cuneiform, or wedge-shaped, writing of ancient Mesopotamia. Botta joined the French diplomatic corps, and was initially sent to Alexandria, Egypt. Julius Mohl, a well-known scholar of Middle Eastern civilization, had convinced the French government that someone interested in archaeology would be right for the consulate post, and Botta fit the bill. Paul Leroy Robeson.

      Nouvelles Annales des Voyages et des Sciences Geographiques. Vol.&#; pp.&#;– (French)

    • Charles Franklin Carter (). "Duhaut-Cilly's Account of California in the Years ". California History Magazine. Vol.&#;8, no.&#;2 and 3. California Historical Society. pp.&#;8– to 8– and 8– to 8– (translation of French)

    External links

    Media related to Paul-Émile Botta at Wikimedia Commons